Basic principle of transformer

The transformer is a device that uses the basic principle of the magnetic effect of current to change the AC current. The key prefabricated components are the primary coil, primary coil and iron core (core). In electrical equipment and wireless circuit, it is commonly used for adjusting working voltage, matching characteristic impedance, safety protection, etc. In the generator set, whether the electromagnetic coil fitness exercise is based on the electromagnetic field or the magnetic field movement is based on the fixed electromagnetic coil, the magnetic induction potential difference in the coil can be achieved. In both cases, the value of magnetic flux will not change, but the total number of magnetic flux in the cross chain with the electromagnetic coil will change, which is also the basic principle of mutual inductance. Transformer is a kind of component that uses electromagnetic induction mutual inductance to convert working voltage, current and characteristic impedance.

Composition of transformer

The components of the transformer include the transformer body (transformer core, winding resistance, insulation layer, conductor), insulating oil, oil tank and heat dissipation equipment, transformer equipment, protection equipment (moisture absorber, safety gas pipe, steam electromagnetic valve, oil storage tank and temperature measurement equipment, etc.) and the waterproof casing of the group outgoing line. Actual composition and function:

(1) Transformer core. The iron core is a part of the primary equivalent circuit in the transformer. It is usually made of hot-rolled steel or cold-rolled ferrite cores with high silicon content, thickness of 0.35mm, 0.3mm and 0.27mm respectively, and the surface is coated with three proofing paint. The transformer core is divided into two parts: the transformer core column and the transverse piece, and the transformer core column is sleeved with winding resistance; The horizontal piece is the function of closing the equivalent circuit.

(2) Winding resistance. The winding is a part of the power circuit of the transformer. It is made of flat wire with double wire insulation layer and enamelled round wire. The basic principle of the transformer is the magnetic effect of the current. Now the single-phase electric double winding resistance power transformer is taken as an example to show its main principle: when the working voltage U1 is added to the winding resistance of the primary side, the amount of current I1 will cause alternating magnetic flux O1 in the transformer core. This magnetic flux is called the dominant magnetic flux. Under its effect, the magnetic induction potential difference of each winding resistance on both sides will push the control equipment of the transformer.